專升本英語會考到的九類動詞,你是不是經常弄混?

瀏覽次數:次 發(fā)布時間:2022-04-19

對于英語學習者來說,動詞是最難學的一個實詞類別。縱觀歷屆考試命題,有關動詞的內容占的比例相當大,它常常與時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語境交際等諸方面揉合起來,進行綜合測試。我們會發(fā)現??嫉目扇牲c的專升本英語“主打”動詞有以下一些:

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表示“使/讓······”概念的動詞

這類動詞常見的有:have, let, make, get, keep, drive, send, leave, force, cause等。它們后邊分別可跟不定式,分詞,形容詞、介詞短語,名詞等作賓語補足語。

例如:I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.對不起,讓你久等了。

The victory sent our spirits rising.勝利使得我們情緒高漲。

不定式做賓補,不定式符號可以省略的動詞

常見的有: see, watch, hear, observe, feel, notice, listen to, look at等感官動詞及表示使役概念的have, let, make等。這類詞在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,其后不定式符號to常補出。

例如:We are made to work far into the night.我們被迫干活到深夜。注:在這種結構中,watch,have,let一般不變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。如:The boy was watched to come out。(誤)

不定式作賓語補足語,其后內容省略只保留不定式符號動詞

此類動詞常見的有:refuse, want, intend, oblige, mean, expect,tell, hope, like, love, plan, try, prefer, wish等。

例如:-----Why did you cause the baby cry?

-----I didn't mean to.

引導賓語從句用虛擬語氣的動詞

這類動詞在引導賓語從句時常用:should+動詞原形,should可以省略,常見的有:order, demend, suggest, insist, require, advise, decide, propose等。

例如:He ordered that we should do it at>He advised we should do more speaking practice in order to improve our English.他建議我們要想提高英語水平應練習說。

形式主動、意義被動的動詞

常見的有:work, open, close, write, cut, look, teach, operate, run, keep, burn, last等。此類詞的主語常為物。而且還常與表示特征、狀況、行為、方式的副詞well, easily, long等連用。

例如:The clothing sells well.

This kind of fruit can keep long.

充當系動詞的行為動詞

這類動詞不能單獨構成動詞詞組,其后須帶有表語(名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語,不定式,V-ing,V-ed)構成系表結構,常見的有feel, sound, taste, look, smell, seem, appear, become, turn, grow, make, go, run, keep, stay, prove等。

例如:It sounded like a train that was going under my house.聽起來,象有火車在樓下飛馳而過。

Keep fit,study hard and wok well.身體好,學習好,工作好。

只接動名詞作賓語的動詞

此類動詞常見的有: appreciate, advise, suggest, finish, consider, enjoy, imagine, mind, miss, practise, keep, delay, risk, excuse, resist, avoid, escape, admit, forgive, permit, require, prevent, pardon, allow等。

例如:I appreciate her devoting herself to the cause of education.我非常欽佩她獻身教育的精神。

Do you mind my asking a question?我問你一個問題你不介意吧?

既可接現在分詞又可接過去分詞作賓補的動詞

此類動詞常見的有:get, keep, have, leave, find, see, notice, hear等。

例如:He had the lights burning all night long.

Yesday Xiao Ming had his hair cut, I hardly recognized him.

構成固定短語的“短語動詞”

此類動詞在英語中數量較大。如:act as充當, beleve in相信, come across遇見, deal with處理, engage in從事, blead to導致, refer to提到, send for派人前往, cut in插嘴, die out滅絕, set off出發(fā), warm up暖和起來, make fun of取笑, make friends with與······交朋友, set fire on點火, date back to追溯到, get along with與······相處, look forward to期望, run out of用光, do away with廢除。

例如:We must look into the matter immediately.

我們必須馬上調查此事。

The old should learn form the young and keep up with the times.

老年人應向青年人學習,跟上時代發(fā)展的步伐。


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