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（1）概念：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況；有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況；總是發(fā)生的；事實(shí)真理。

（2）時(shí)間狀語:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week/day/year/month…, once a week/day/year/month…, on Sundays/Mondays…, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動(dòng)詞原形（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

（4）否定形式：主語+am/is/are+not+其他；此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

（5）一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用 does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。eg：①It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪。②He is always ready to help others. 他總是樂于幫助別人。③Action speaks louder than words. 事實(shí)勝雄辯。

（1）概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last year/night/month…, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式或be的過去式+名詞

（4）否定形式：主語+was/were+not+其他；在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

（5）一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。eg：①She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來幫助我們。②I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你這么忙。

（1）概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day/week/month/year…, soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are+going to+do+其它；主語+will/shall+do+其它

（4）否定形式：主語+am /is/are not going to+do；主語+will/shall not do+其它5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。（首字母大寫）eg：①They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將在學(xué)習(xí)中與我們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。②It is going to rain.天要下雨了。

（1）概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其它

（4）否定形式：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其它

（5）一般疑問句：have或has放句首。eg：①I've written an article. 我已經(jīng)寫了一篇論文。②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在過去的幾年，農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

5、過去完成時(shí)

（1）概念：過去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：before, by the end of last year/term/month, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had+done.

（4）否定形式：had+not+done.

（5）一般疑問句：had 放于句首。

（6）用法：

1）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中。eg：She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她從來沒有去過巴黎。

2）在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時(shí)。eg：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時(shí)，小偷們?cè)缇团芰恕?/span>

3）表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本…，未能…"。eg：①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時(shí)我們希望你能來，但是你沒有來。②I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我剛打開門，他就打了我。（注意：had hardly… when... 剛......就......）③He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車，轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣了。（注意：had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……）

（1）概念：狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)為止一直有的狀態(tài)；動(dòng)作完成：表示將來某一時(shí)或另一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：by then, by this time tomorrow, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+will+have done+其它。

（4）否定形式：主語+will+not+have done+其它。

（5）一般疑問句：will放于句首eg：①They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時(shí)他們就結(jié)婚將有20年了。②You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時(shí)，你已經(jīng)到達(dá)上海了。

（1）概念：表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或者按計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生的事情。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：soon,tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+will+be+going to+do+其它。

（4）否定形式：主語+will+not+be going to+do+其它；主語+would/should+not+do.

（5）一般疑問句：will放于句首。eg：①She'll be coming soon. 她會(huì)很快來的。②By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach. 明天此時(shí)，我正躺在海灘上。

（1）概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。

（2）時(shí)間狀語：The next day/morning/year…, the following month/week…, etc.

（3）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+going to+do+其它；主語+would/should+do+其它

（4）否定形式：主語+was/were+not+going to+do+其它；主語+would/should+not+do.

（5）一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首eg：①He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他說他第二天要去北京。②I asked who was going there. 我問，誰要去那里。

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