虛擬語(yǔ)氣是整個(gè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是我們必須掌握的一個(gè)語(yǔ)法。今天給大家整理了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)，一起來(lái)看看吧~

　　一、用于條件句

　　(一)用于if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句

　　Eg:

　?、買f I were a boy，I would join the army.

　?、贗f my brother had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in the competition.

　?、跧f it were to rain tomorrow ，the football match would be put off.

　　注意：主句中的should通常用于第一人稱，would/could可以用于各種人稱。

　　Eg:

　?、賅ere I to do the work，I should do it some other day.

　　②If I had his telephone number, I would call him now.

　?、跧f he had worked hard, he would have been in New York now.

　　(二)

　　用于含蓄條件句

　　在表示假設(shè)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，有時(shí)假設(shè)的條件并不以條件從句的形式出現(xiàn)，而是通過(guò)上下文或句中內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，或用其他形式表達(dá)出來(lái)，這就是“含蓄條件句”。常用的有以下幾種方式：

　　1.

　　介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)

　　如but for，without，in case of, under，with，in等。

　　Eg:

　?、貰ut for their help，we could not get over the difficulties.

　?、赪ithout music，the world would be a dull place.

　　2.

　　連詞

　　如or，otherwise，but，in case，lest，for fear that，so that等。

　　Eg:

　?、賅e took a taxi to the airport.Otherwise we should have been late.

　?、贖e felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.

　　注意：由lest，for fear that和in case引起的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用“should 動(dòng)詞原形”，但也可以不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用動(dòng)詞的陳述語(yǔ)氣形式。

　　3.

　　分詞短語(yǔ)

　　United (= If they had been united), they wouldn’t have been defeated.

　　4.

　　動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)

　　To hear him speak English, one would think him an Englishman.

　　5.

　　名詞短語(yǔ)和“名詞+ and”結(jié)構(gòu)

　　A diligent student would have worked harder.One step further and you would be dead.

　　6.

　　定語(yǔ)從句

　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.

　　7.

　　形容詞及其比較級(jí)

　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.

　　8.

　　獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或由 with 引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable.

　　(三)

　　用于混合條件句

　　條件從句表示的動(dòng)作與主句表示的動(dòng)作在時(shí)間上不一致的叫混合條件句 (錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句)。其主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)各自所指的時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)男问?，一般從句指過(guò)去，主句指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái);或從句不指某一特定時(shí)間，主句指過(guò)去;或從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用陳述語(yǔ)氣或祈使語(yǔ)氣。

　　Eg:

　?、買f you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

　?、贗f the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing better.

　　(四)虛擬條件句的倒裝

　　在虛擬條件句中，如果從句部分含有 were, should 或 had，可將 if 省略，were, should 或 had置于從句句首，使用倒裝。

　　Eg:

　?、賅ere they here now, they could help us.

　?、赟hould it rain, the crops would be saved.

　　③Had you come earlier, you would have got the ticket.

　　二、用于賓語(yǔ)從句

　　(一)用于 wish 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句

　　wish 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句可以表示與事實(shí)相反的情況，也可以表示將來(lái)不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。

　　其賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞形式為：

　　Eg:

　　①I wish it were spring all the year round.

　?、赪e wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

　　③I wish it would rain tomorrow.

　　(二)在 insist, order, command, advise, suggest, propose,demand, require, request，ask 等表示堅(jiān)持” 、 “命令” 、“建議” 、“要求”等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should) +動(dòng)詞原形”。

　　Eg:

　　He insisted that I (should) go with them.

　　He ordered that it(should) be sent back.

　　注意：如果insist作“堅(jiān)決主張;堅(jiān)持要求”講，接that從句(從句的動(dòng)作為將要發(fā)生之事)時(shí)，從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“(should) 動(dòng)詞原形”，而表示“堅(jiān)持說(shuō);堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為”，接that從句(從句的動(dòng)作多為已發(fā)生之事)時(shí)，從句使用陳述語(yǔ)氣。suggest作“建議”講時(shí)其賓語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“(should) 動(dòng)詞原形”，而作“暗示”、“表明”講時(shí)則要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。

　　Eg:

　　①He insisted that we(should) accept these gifts.

　?、贖e insisted that I had read his letter.

　?、跾he suggested that the class meeting(should) not be held on Saturday.

　　④What he said suggested that he was a cheat.

　　(三)用于would rather后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。從句謂語(yǔ)一般用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。在談到過(guò)去的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

　　Eg:

　?、買'd rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.

　　②I'd rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.

　　在專升本的英語(yǔ)考試中，虛擬語(yǔ)氣雖然考查的題量不多，但從往年考察的情況來(lái)看，三種與事實(shí)相反的條件句和主句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，以及用其他形式代替條件句和虛擬條件句的倒裝是考查的重點(diǎn)。平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候，大家要注意區(qū)分噢~

　　備考湖南專升本的同學(xué)，如果有專升本相關(guān)疑惑或者需要學(xué)習(xí)上的幫助，可以在文末留下你的聯(lián)系方式，或者直接添加樂(lè)貞老師微信lezhen_edu，我們將為您答疑解惑~

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